Improved tolerability of neratinib in patients with HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer: the CONTROL trial.
Publication Title
Annals of oncology : official journal of the European Society for Medical Oncology / ESMO
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
9-1-2020
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Neratinib is an irreversible pan-HER tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for extended adjuvant treatment in early-stage HER2-positive breast cancer based on the phase III ExteNET study. In that trial, in which no antidiarrheal prophylaxis was mandated, grade 3 diarrhea was observed in 40% of patients and 17% discontinued due to diarrhea. The international, open-label, sequential-cohort, phase II CONTROL study is investigating several strategies to improve tolerability.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients who completed trastuzumab-based adjuvant therapy received neratinib 240 mg/day for 1 year plus loperamide prophylaxis (days 1-28 or 1-56). Sequential cohorts evaluated additional budesonide or colestipol prophylaxis (days 1-28) and neratinib dose escalation (DE; ongoing). The primary end point was the incidence of grade ≥3 diarrhea.
RESULTS: Final data for loperamide (L; n = 137), budesonide + loperamide (BL; n = 64), colestipol + loperamide (CL; n = 136), and colestipol + as-needed loperamide (CL-PRN; n = 104) cohorts, and interim data for DE (n = 60; completed ≥six cycles or discontinued; median duration 11 months) are available. No grade 4 diarrhea was observed. Grade 3 diarrhea rates were lower than ExteNET in all cohorts and lowest in DE (L 31%, BL 28%, CL 21%, CL-PRN 32%, DE 15%). Median number of grade 3 diarrhea episodes was one; median duration per grade 3 episode was 1.0-2.0 days across cohorts. Most grade 3 diarrhea and diarrhea-related discontinuations occurred in month 1. Diarrhea-related discontinuations were lowest in DE (L 20%, BL 8%, CL 4%, CL-PRN 8%, DE 3%). Decreases in health-related quality of life did not cross the clinically important threshold.
CONCLUSIONS: Neratinib tolerability was improved with preemptive prophylaxis or DE, which reduced the rate, severity, and duration of neratinib-associated grade ≥3 diarrhea compared with ExteNET. Lower diarrhea-related treatment discontinuations in multiple cohorts indicate that proactive management can allow patients to stay on neratinib for the recommended time period. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT02400476.
Clinical Institute
Women & Children
Clinical Institute
Cancer
Specialty
Earle A. Chiles Research Institute
Specialty
Oncology
Recommended Citation
Barcenas, C H; Hurvitz, S A; Di Palma, J A; Bose, R; Chien, A J; Iannotti, N; Marx, G; Brufsky, A; Litvak, A; Ibrahim, E; Alvarez, R H; Ruiz-Borrego, M; Chan, N; Manalo, Y; Kellum, A; Trudeau, M; Thirlwell, M; Garcia Saenz, J; Hunt, D; Bryce, R; McCulloch, L; Rugo, H S; Tripathy, D; Chan, A; CONTROL Study Investigators; and Conlin, Alison, "Improved tolerability of neratinib in patients with HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer: the CONTROL trial." (2020). Articles, Abstracts, and Reports. 3872.
https://digitalcommons.providence.org/publications/3872
