Publication Title
The American journal on addictions / American Academy of Psychiatrists in Alcoholism and Addictions
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
10-1-2017
Keywords
Adult; Alcoholism; Behavior Therapy; Biomarkers; Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Female; Glucuronates; Humans; Male; Mental Disorders; Middle Aged; Outpatients; Predictive Value of Tests; Self Report; Treatment Outcome
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: This study investigated if pretreatment ethyl glucuronide (EtG) levels corresponding to light (100 ng/mL), heavy (500 ng/mL), and very heavy (1,000 ng/mL) drinking predicted longest duration of alcohol abstinence (LDA) and proportion of EtG-negative urine tests in outpatients receiving a 12-week EtG-based contingency management (CM) intervention for alcohol dependence.
METHODS: Participants were 40 adults diagnosed with alcohol use disorders and serious mental illness who submitted up to 12 urine samples for EtG analysis during a 4-week observation period and were then randomized to 12-weeks of CM for alcohol abstinence and addiction treatment attendance. Alcohol use outcomes during CM as assessed by EtG and self-report were compared across those who did and did not attain a pre-treatment average EtG level of 500 ng/mL-a level that equates to frequent heavy drinking.
RESULTS: Only the 500 ng/mL cutoff was associated with significant differences in LDA and proportion of EtG-negative samples during CM. Those with a pre-treatment EtG < 500 ng/mL attained a LDA 2.3 (alcohol) to 2.9 (drugs) weeks longer than pre-treatment heavy drinkers.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: The EtG biomarker can be used to determine who will respond to a CM intervention for alcohol use disorders and could inform future trials that are designed to be tailored to individual patients.
SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE: Results suggest pre-treatment EtG cutoffs equivalent to heavy and very heavy drinking predict outcomes in CM. (Am J Addict 2017;26:673-675).
Area of Special Interest
Mental Health
Specialty/Research Institute
Behavioral Health
