The complete sequence of a human Y chromosome.

Publication Title

Nature

Authors

Arang Rhie
Sergey Nurk
Monika Cechova
Savannah J Hoyt
Dylan J Taylor
Nicolas Altemose
Paul W Hook
Sergey Koren
Mikko Rautiainen
Ivan A Alexandrov
Jamie Allen
Mobin Asri
Andrey V Bzikadze
Nae-Chyun Chen
Chen-Shan Chin
Mark Diekhans
Paul Flicek
Giulio Formenti
Arkarachai Fungtammasan
Carlos Garcia Giron
Erik Garrison
Ariel Gershman
Jennifer L Gerton
Patrick G S Grady
Andrea Guarracino
Leanne Haggerty
Reza Halabian
Nancy F Hansen
Robert Harris
Gabrielle A Hartley
William T Harvey
Marina Haukness
Jakob Heinz
Thibaut Hourlier
Robert M Hubley, Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA.
Sarah E Hunt
Stephen Hwang
Miten Jain
Rupesh K Kesharwani
Alexandra P Lewis
Heng Li
Glennis A Logsdon
Julian K Lucas
Wojciech Makalowski
Christopher Markovic
Fergal J Martin
Ann M Mc Cartney
Rajiv C McCoy
Jennifer McDaniel
Brandy M McNulty
Paul Medvedev
Alla Mikheenko
Katherine M Munson
Terence D Murphy
Hugh E Olsen
Nathan D Olson
Luis F Paulin
David Porubsky
Tamara Potapova
Fedor Ryabov
Steven L Salzberg
Michael E G Sauria
Fritz J Sedlazeck
Kishwar Shafin
Valery A Shepelev
Alaina Shumate
Jessica M Storer, Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, USA.
Likhitha Surapaneni
Angela M Taravella Oill
Françoise Thibaud-Nissen
Winston Timp
Marta Tomaszkiewicz
Mitchell R Vollger
Brian P Walenz
Allison C Watwood
Matthias H Weissensteiner
Aaron M Wenger
Melissa A Wilson
Samantha Zarate
Yiming Zhu
Justin M Zook
Evan E Eichler
Rachel J O'Neill
Michael C Schatz
Karen H Miga
Kateryna D Makova
Adam M Phillippy

Document Type

Article

Publication Date

9-1-2023

Keywords

Washington; isb

Abstract

The human Y chromosome has been notoriously difficult to sequence and assemble because of its complex repeat structure that includes long palindromes, tandem repeats and segmental duplications1-3. As a result, more than half of the Y chromosome is missing from the GRCh38 reference sequence and it remains the last human chromosome to be finished4,5. Here, the Telomere-to-Telomere (T2T) consortium presents the complete 62,460,029-base-pair sequence of a human Y chromosome from the HG002 genome (T2T-Y) that corrects multiple errors in GRCh38-Y and adds over 30 million base pairs of sequence to the reference, showing the complete ampliconic structures of gene families TSPY, DAZ and RBMY; 41 additional protein-coding genes, mostly from the TSPY family; and an alternating pattern of human satellite 1 and 3 blocks in the heterochromatic Yq12 region. We have combined T2T-Y with a previous assembly of the CHM13 genome4 and mapped available population variation, clinical variants and functional genomics data to produce a complete and comprehensive reference sequence for all 24 human chromosomes.

Specialty/Research Institute

Institute for Systems Biology

DOI

10.1038/s41586-023-06457-y

Share

COinS