Prevalence, Demographic, and Clinical Factors Associated With Cognitive Dysfunction in Patients With Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.
Publication Title
Neurology
Document Type
Article
Publication Date
1-9-2024
Keywords
Humans; Neuromyelitis Optica; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Rituximab; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Cognitive Dysfunction; Aquaporin 4; oregon; portland
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a chronic CNS demyelinating autoimmune disorder targeting the astrocyte antigen aquaporin-4 (AQP4), typically presenting with optic neuritis, transverse myelitis, and brain syndromes. Cognitive dysfunction (CD) in NMOSD is under-recognized and poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and clinical variables associated with CD in NMOSD.
METHODS: This observational retrospective study with longitudinal follow-up describes a clinical cohort seen in the Collaborative International Research in Clinical and Longitudinal Experience Study in NMOSD. Serial Montreal Cognitive Assessments (MoCAs) were performed upon enrollment and at 6-month intervals to evaluate longitudinal cognitive function relative to demographic and disease-related factors. We used 2-tailed
RESULTS: Thirty-four percent (75/219) of patients met criteria for CD (MoCA
DISCUSSION: To our knowledge, this is the largest study of diverse cohort to investigate CD in patients with NMOSD. Our findings demonstrate 34% of patients with NMOSD experience mild-to-moderate CD, while 30% of patients demonstrated decline on serial testing. The substantial prevalence of CD in this pilot report highlights the need for improved and validated screening tools and comprehensive measures to investigate CD in NMOSD.
Area of Special Interest
Neurosciences (Brain & Spine)
Area of Special Interest
Mental Health
Specialty/Research Institute
Neurosciences
Specialty/Research Institute
Epidemiology
Specialty/Research Institute
Behavioral Health
DOI
10.1212/WNL.0000000000207965
