Files
Download Full Text (979 KB)
Publication Date
4-29-2020
Disciplines
Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Abstract
Scott C. King
Alyssa B. Christensen, Brent W. Footer, Timothy G. Shan, Kim Health, Ivor Thomas, and Margret Oethinger
Impact of real-time antimicrobial stewardship team intervention versus conventional microbiology reporting on time to appropriate antimicrobial therapy in patients with Enterobacterales bacteremia.
Introduction:
The benefit of rapid laboratory speciation combined with real time antimicrobial stewardship team (AMT) interventions has been shown to improve patient outcomes and decrease hospital costs. The Providence Oregon region conducts direct from blood culture matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) identification, which results in decreased time to organism identification. The MALDI-TOF identification has allowed the AMT to intervene earlier than a health system using standard MALDI identification or comparable methods. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of real time notification plus AMT intervention on clinical outcomes in patients with Enterobacterales blood stream infections (BSI).
Methods:
This was an IRB approved, retrospective, multi-center, pre- and post- quasi-experimental study conducted at eight acute care hospitals in the Providence Health & Services Oregon region. Adult patients (>18 years old) with a diagnosed BSI caused by an Enterobacterales species were included. The control group was from August 2018 to January 2019 and the intervention group was from February 2019 to June 2019. Patients were matched based on age, gender, and admission to the ICU. Exclusion criteria included polymicrobial infection, Pitt bacteremia score >1, unable to take PO therapy, and patients discharged to hospice care.
During the intervention period the AMT members received real-time alerts for all blood culture speciation via a paging system. These cases where then reviewed and recommendations were made to the primary care team based off an approved protocol. The primary outcome for the study was time to de-escalation of therapy. Secondary outcomes include hospital length of stay and total duration of therapy.
Results:
A total of 60 patients were include in this study: 30 patients in the pre-intervention group and 30 patients in the post-intervention group. The most common age group was patients 60-69 years of age (43% vs 43%). The most common causative organism for the BSI was found to be Escherichia coli (76.7% vs 50%). During the intervention period a decrease was noted in median time to de-escalation of therapy (2.7 days vs 1.8 days, p=0.0061) and length of stay (5.3 days vs 4.3 days, p=0.0475). There was no statistical difference in the total length of therapy (combined inpatient and outpatient duration) noted between the two groups (9 days vs 9.5 days, p=1).
Conclusion:
The results show a statistically significant decrease in both time to de-escalation and length of stay within the intervention group due to AMT recommendations. This is in line with previous studies and also highlights the benefit de-escalation could have on length of stay in the hospital. Studies with larger samples sizes should be considered to further explore these results.
IRB Status:
Approved
Specialty/Research Institute
Pharmacy
Specialty/Research Institute
Graduate Medical Education
Conference / Event Name
Academic Achievement Day, 2020
Location
Providence St. Vincent, PGY-1 Pharmacy Residency Program
